diff --git a/topic.tex b/topic.tex index 214a47d..93ba2bf 100644 --- a/topic.tex +++ b/topic.tex @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ \documentclass{article} -\usepackage[margin=1.5in]{geometry} -\title{ \Large Enhancing Timing Accuracy in Airshower Radio Detectors} +\title{ \Large Enhancing Timing Accuracy in Air Shower Radio Detectors} \date{2021-11-22} \author{ Eric Teunis de Boone\\ @@ -16,30 +15,29 @@ \vspace{-1em} \hrule \vspace{1em} - Radio Detectors have been succesfully applied for detecting airshowers, which are caused by a cosmic ray impinging on the Earth's atmosphere. + Radio Detectors have been succesfully applied for detecting air showers, which are caused by a cosmic ray impinging on the Earth's atmosphere. In such an airshower, successive interactions will create charged particles which in turn cause a specific electromagnetic signal. Measuring the development over time of such a signal will give a better insight in the energy content of the shower, and, in turn, allow for better resolution of the initial cosmic ray's properties. \\ A difficulty for radio detectors is that, because of their extent, the stations need to communicate wirelessly, - but an accurate timing is needed to follow this signal. - Advanced analyses require a timing accuracy on the order of $1$~nanosecond, while current detectors reach a timing accuracy up to around $10$-nanoseconds. + but an accurate timing is needed to follow a signal. + Advanced analyses require a timing accuracy on the order of $1$~nanosecond, while current detectors reach a timing accuracy up to around $10$~nanoseconds. \\ - Various mechanisms are employed to increase the timing accuracy, overall and per station. - Since radio detectors only have a horizontal extent, keeping to horizontal showers allows for using the spatial distance as an additional timing mechanism. + Various mechanisms are employed to assign time, overall and per station, in radio detectors. - Another important mechanism involves GPS chips. + An important mechanism involves GPS chips. Such a chip tracks satellites around the Earth. - These satellites sent out signals which can be used to triangulate the position (and time) of the chip. + These satellites send out signals which can be used to triangulate the position (and time) of the chip. - Beacons are another example. + Another example is the use of beacons. Sending out a specific signal allows to track this signal across individual stations. By introducing characteristics into the signal such as beating, the stations then have a time calibration system setup. \\ This internship concerns itself with increasing the timing accuracy by investigating the various mechanisms (and their issues) used as timing calibration. - For example, since the spatial extent of the radio detectors is large, it might happen that a station on one side might track more or different satellites than a station on the other side of the detector. - This might introduce a timing difference for GPS chips, decreasing the total timing accuracy attained by the detector. +% For example, since the spatial extent of the radio detectors is large, it might happen that a station on one side might track more or different satellites than a station on the other side of the detector. +% This might introduce a timing difference for GPS chips, decreasing the total timing accuracy attained by the detector. \end{document}