280 lines
5.6 KiB
TeX
280 lines
5.6 KiB
TeX
\documentclass[showdate=true,slidenumbers=slide]{beamer}
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\usepackage{amsmath}
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\addtobeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}{%
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\usebeamerfont{footline}%
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\usebeamercolor[fg]{footline}%
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\hspace{1em}%
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\insertframenumber
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}
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\title{{\small Neutrino} \\ Multi-Messenger Astrophysics \\ on a Blazar}
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\date{\today}
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\author{E.T. de Boone}
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\begin{document}
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\frame{\titlepage}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Outline}
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\tableofcontents
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Multi-Messenger Astrophysics}
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\begin{table}
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\centering
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\begin{tabular}{r|c|c|c|c|c}
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\textbf{Event} & \textbf{EM} & \textbf{CR} & \textbf{GW} & \textbf{$\nu$} & \textbf{Date} \\
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\hline
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Solar Flare & yes & yes & & & 1940 \\
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\hline
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\onslide<2->
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Supernova & yes & & pred & yes & 1987 \\
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\hline
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\onslide<3->
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NS merger & yes & & yes & pred & aug 2017 \\
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\hline
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\onslide<4->
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Blazar & yes & pred & & yes & sep 2017 \\
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\end{tabular}
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\end{table}
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\end{frame}
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\note{
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Optical very old,
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new fields in last hundred years
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Importance and History of Multi Messenger Astrophysics
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Solar Flare in 1940
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SN1987A in Large Magellanic Cloud in 1987
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- 25 neutrinos at 3 observatories
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- confirmed model core-collapse ( neutrinos carry 99\% Energy )
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- Nobel Prize 2002
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NS merger
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- big in the news
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Blazar
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- not so big in the news
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- what we will talk about
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}
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\section{Neutrino Basics}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Neutrino Basics}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Neutrino interacts in atmosphere, ice or water
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\item<3-> Charged particle gets into the ice or water
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\item<4-> Cherenkov photons detected by DOMs in the matter
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\end{itemize}
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\onslide<1-2>
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\begin{figure}
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\centering
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\onslide<1-2>
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\includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{images/charged_current.pdf}
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\quad\quad
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\onslide<2>
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\includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{images/neutral_current.pdf}
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\end{figure}
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\onslide<4->
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\begin{figure}
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\vspace*{-3cm}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{images/prinicipal_idea_neutrino_telescope.png}
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\end{figure}
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\end{frame}
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\note{
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Interactions
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Charged Current vs Neutral Current
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NC: energy deposition into electron,
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neutrino flies off
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CC: nu_mu on e goes to nu_e with mu
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Cherenkov
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Digital-Optical Modules
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}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Astrophysical vs Atmospheric Neutrino}
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\begin{figure}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{images/neutrino_sources.png}
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%{\tiny \href{https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2012-30014-2}{10.1140/epjh/e2012-30014-2}}
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\end{figure}
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\end{frame}
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\note{
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Distinction Atmospheric vs Astrophysical
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Observatories:
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ranges: IceCube, ANTARES, KM3NET
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Types of events
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Tracklike vs Showerlike
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through-going muons
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}
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\section{IceCube-170922A}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{IceCube-170922A}
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\begin{figure}
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{images/IC-170922A-event_display.png}
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\end{figure}
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\pause
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\begin{itemize}
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\item<only@2> Muon detected
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\item<only@2> Energy deposited $~23.7$ TeV
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\item<only@3> Muon neutrino
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\item<only@3> Energy $0.3$ PeV
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\item<only@3> Spatial Resolution $< 1^\circ$
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\note{
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Muon detection
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E ~ TeV => atmospheric origin not excluded
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=> EM observation needed to tie to source
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followup ANTARES
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- 1 day
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- sensitivity is 1/10 of IceCube
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prior data of IceCube
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- $3\sigma$ indication of earlier detection in direction
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}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Blazar TXS 0506+056}
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\begin{figure}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{images/IC-170922A-positioning-FermiLAT.png}
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\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{images/IC-170922A-positioning-MAGIC.png}
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\end{figure}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item $\gamma$-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 within $0.1^\circ$ of IC event
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\note{
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Space based observatories
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- all-sky survey
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-
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position 0.1 grad from best-fitting direction
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what is blazar
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- AGN
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- has jet
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- jet pointed at us
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study triggered redshift measurement
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elevated gamma emission
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automated processing showed previous flare.
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-> usual, only studied because of neutrino
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}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{VHE Gamma Ray}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope
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\item Water Cherenkov Telescope
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Further Observations}
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\begin{figure}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{images/TXS0506+056-observations.png}
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\end{figure}
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\end{frame}
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\note{
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also x-ray upto radio
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introduce experiments (VHE, gamma, x-ray, optical, radio)
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dates:
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left panel: 22 Aug 2008 to 6 Sept 2017
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right panel: 6 Sept 2017 to 22 Sept 2017
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}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Broadband Spectrum of TXS 0506+056}
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\begin{figure}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{images/TXS0506+056-broadband-spectrum-distribution.png}
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\end{figure}
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\end{frame}
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\note{
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observations within 14 days of IC-170922A
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UL is upper limit
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double bump structure
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- characteristic of non-thermal emission
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redshift measurement from optical data
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}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Chance Coincidence and Archival Data}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item $3\sigma$ non-random coincidence
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\pause
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\item neutrino in 2014 for TXS 0506+056
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\note{
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IC-170922A not enough for science
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- neutrino production models
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- neutrino to gamma
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real-time alert system since Apr 2016
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41 archival events also tested
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neutrino 2014
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- identification for Blazar
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- lower energy
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}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Recap}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Neutrino Astronomy is quite difficult
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\pause
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\item First Neutrino-induced Multi Messenger event
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\pause
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\item Blazar TXS 0506+056 identified as source for neutrino's
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\end{document}
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